The Howards Cousins of Ted L Durgan
Howard
, family prominent in English history. Its head is the duke of Norfolk and earl marshal of England; other titles held by members of the family have been the earldoms of Northampton, Arundel, Nottingham, and Carlisle. The Howards trace their ancestry to Sir William Howard of Norfolk, who lived about 1260-1308 and was made a justice of the common pleas in 1297. His descendant, John Howard, was made 1st duke of Norfolk by King Richard III in 1483. Thomas Howard, 3rd duke of Norfolk, was England's most powerful peer during the reign of Henry VIII; two of his nieces, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, were married to Henry. After Thomas Howard, 4th duke of Norfolk, was beheaded (1572) for treason under Queen Elizabeth I, the Howards were deprived of the dukedom, but it was restored to them in 1660. See Boleyn, Anne; Howard, Catherine; Norfolk, John Howard, 1st Duke of; Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of; Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of; Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of; Nottingham, Charles Howard, 1st Earl of..Death note:- Beheaded Burial place: Chapel Royal of St. Peter ad Vincula,Tower of London
Boleyn, Anne (1507?-36), second wife of Henry VIII, king of England. She was the daughter of Sir Thomas Boleyn, later earl of Wiltshire andOrmonde. After spending the years 1519 to 1521 at the French court, Anne returned to England and was courted by the heir to the earldom of Northumberland and by the king himself.
Henry married Anne secretly in January 1533, some months before Thomas Cranmer, archbishop of Canterbury, pronounced Henry's divorce from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Anne was crowned in June and in September gave birth to the future queen Elizabeth I.
On May 2, 1536, Anne was imprisoned in the Tower of London on charges of adultery with her brother, three gentlemen of the privy chamber, and a musician of the court and of conspiring with these men against the king's life. The four commoners were tried on May 12, and Anne and her brother on May 15; all were convicted of high treason. Whether Anne was guilty of these crimes has never been determined. It is known that Henry wanted to remarry.
Anne's uncle, Thomas Howard, 3rd duke of Norfolk, presided over the judges who condemned her to death. No record of the evidence remains. On May 17, the musician was hanged, and the other four beheaded. Two days later, Anne was also beheaded. King Henry was betrothed to Jane Seymour the next day.
#.Lady Ann Howard of Arundel
1st Cousin 11 times removed of Ted L Durgan, was born in 1615 in Wardour Castle. She died in 1649 in Tisbury England. Who was Anne Arundel? Little is known about the short life of Anne Arundel, the namesake of Anne Arundel County. She was born in 1605, the daughter of a powerful Catholic nobleman, Thomas,Lord Arundel (often spelled Arundell) of Wardour. Lady Anne was 13 when she made a politically advantageous marriage to Cecil Calvert, the second Lord of Baltimore.Another well-connected Catholic nobleman,1 Cousin twice removed of Mary Calvert 7th great grandmother of Ted L Durgan..Calvert inherited from his father, the first Lord of Baltimore, the title of "Absolute lord of Maryland and Avalon" along with provincial rights to the new colony. Calvert -- who never set foot in Maryland --sought to make the colony a prosperous and safe refuge for persecuted Catholics, investing a good deal of his own wealth in the new lands. He sent his younger brother, Leonard, who would later serve as Maryland's provincial governor, to the new colony in 1634. Leonard sailed with the ships Ark and Dove, and the colonists established a settlement at St. Mary's.
Anne gave birth to nine children, four of whom lived to adulthood. She died in 1649 at the age of 34.
Cecil outlived her by many years, enjoying a long retirement before dying in Middlesex on Nov. 30, 1675.One year after Lady Anne's death, the General Assembly in St. Mary's City created Anne Arundel County -- encompassing much more territory than it does today -- in honor of the wife of the colony's founder... Parents: Earl Thomas Howard Earl of Arundel* and Lady Anne Philipson.
She was married to (2nd Lord Baltimore ) Cecilus Calvert in 1624 in England. Children were: (3rd Lord Of Baltimore) Charles Calvert*.
#.Howard, Catherine
(1520?-42), queen consort of England (1540-42) as the fifth wife of King Henry VIII. She was a granddaughter of Thomas Howard, 2nd duke of Norfolk. Before Catherine was 20 years old, she had frequent meetings with Henry, arranged by Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winchester. Henry divorced his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves, on July 9, 1540, and married Catherine on July 28. In November 1541 she was accused of immoral conduct both before and during her marriage. She admitted to premarital relations, and her accusers produced witnesses to testify to her adultery. Two of her accused lovers were beheaded in December, and Parliament passed a bill of attainder against her. On February 13, 1542, she, too, was beheaded in the Tower of London#. Howard Charles
(Sir Knight) Born: ABT 1511, Lambeth, Norfolk, England . Had an affair with Margaret Douglas, later Countess of Lennox, who previously had been imprisioned for contracted marriage with his uncle Thomas.Lady Margaret was the daughter of Margaret of Scotland and niece of Henry VIII. Finally unmarried, died in France.
.Father: (Sir) Edmund Howard ..Mother: Joyce Culpeper{Note The Culpepers are ancestor of William Clark of the Corps of Discovery
#.Norfolk, John Howard, 1st Duke of
, also known as Jack of Norfolk (circa 1430-85), English nobleman and military commander, who took part, on the Yorkist side, in the Wars of the Roses. He was knighted by King Edward IV shortly after his accession in 1461, and although he was created a baron by the Lancastrian Henry VI on his restoration in 1470, Howard did not abandon the Yorkist cause; he fought in France for King Edward in 1475. Upon Edward's death in 1483, however, he supported Edward's younger brother, Richard, duke of Gloucester, later King Richard III, who usurped the throne from Edward's son. Richard III made Howard duke of Norfolk and earl marshal of England in 1483. He was killed with Richard in the battle at Bosworth.#.Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of
(1443-1524), English military commander and courtier, the only son of John Howard, 1st duke of Norfolk. He was created earl of Surrey in 1483 when his father was made duke of Norfolk. At the Battle of Bosworth Field, where his father was killed, he was wounded and taken prisoner. As he had fought on the losing side, his titles were attainted and he was imprisoned until 1489. On his release his earldom was restored; he was placed in command of the defense of the Scottish border and soon recognized as the chief general in England. In 1513 he led the forces that defeated the invading Scots at Flodden Field, and in the following year he became duke of Norfolk. When King Henry VIII went to the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520, Norfolk was left to guard the kingdom. The following year he presided at the trial for treason of his friend Edward Stafford, 3rd duke of Buckingham, on whom he passed a sentence of death. He retired in 1523.
#.Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of
(1473-1554), English nobleman and court intriguer during the reign of Henry VIII. The eldest son of Thomas Howard, 2nd duke of Norfolk, he commanded the English vanguard at Flodden Field and was made earl when his father regained the family dukedom. On the death of his father he succeeded to the dukedom and became the most powerful peer in England. Norfolk led the party opposed to the policies of the lord chancellor, Cardinal Thomas Wolsey. He favored Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragón and his marriage to Anne Boleyn, who was Norfolk's niece. As Henry's pliant tool, however, he also presided at Anne's trial and execution in 1536. That same year he repressed the rebellion of the Pilgrimage of Grace, a protest against the confiscation of monastic properties, from which he profited handsomely. In 1540 Norfolk arrested Henry's secretary, Thomas Cromwell, earl of Essex, who had lost favor with the king. With the execution of his niece, Catherine Howard, Henry's fifth wife, in 1542, Norfolk lost his influence at court. When his son, the poet Henry Howard, earl of Surrey, was arrested for treason, Norfolk was charged with complicity; and was condemned and attainted with his son. His son was executed in 1547, but the subsequent death of the king prevented Norfolk's execution. He remained a prisoner until the accession of Mary I in 1553, when his lands and titles were restored.#.Norfolk, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of
(1536-72), English soldier and politician, son of Henry Howard, earl of Surrey. Thomas inherited the dukedom from his grandfather the 3rd duke of Norfolk. In 1559 he commanded an English army sent to Scotland, and in 1568 he became president of the commission appointed by Elizabeth I, queen of England, to investigate the affairs of Mary, queen of Scots. The following year he was arrested and imprisoned, by order of Elizabeth, for plotting to marry Mary, who was at that time in his custody. After his release in 1570 he began negotiations with Philip II of Spain in regard to a plan for a Spanish invasion of England. The plot was discovered in 1571, and he was arrested and beheaded the following year#.Nottingham, Charles Howard, 1st Earl of
(1536-1624), English statesman and naval commander. He succeeded his father, William Howard as Baron Howard of Effington in 1573 and was made knight of the Garter in 1574. In 1585 he became lord high admiral and in 1588 commanded the English fleet in the defeat of the Spanish Armada. With Robert Devereux, 2nd earl of Essex, he commanded the English naval expedition that in 1596 sank the Spanish fleet and sacked the city of Cádiz. Howard was created earl of Nottingham in 1597. In 1601 he took a leading part in suppressing the rebellion of Essex against Queen Elizabeth I. He served on many royal commissions, including those for the trial of Mary, queen of Scots, in 1586, for the trial of Essex in 1601, for the union of England and Scotland in 1604, and for the trial of the conspirators in the Gunpowder Plot in 1606.#.Surrey, Henry Howard,
Earl of (1517?-47), English soldier and poet, son of Thomas Howard, 3rd duke of Norfolk. He was given his title by courtesy in 1524, when his father became duke of Norfolk. Married to Lady Frances De Vere.Howard served in the war with Scotland in 1542, and in 1543 he fought in Flanders with the English army on the side of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, who was seeking to acquire the Netherlands.
The following year he was wounded at the siege of Montreuil; in 1545 and 1546 he was commander of the garrison of Boulogne.
Quick-tempered and quarrelsome, he made many enemies and was imprisoned several times for misconduct. Arrested with his father on trumped-up charges of treason, he was condemned and executed in 1547.
Although not primarily a man of letters, Howard greatly enriched English literature by his introduction of new verse forms. His love poems, like those of his contemporary Sir Thomas Wyatt, show the influence of Italianmodels. The two share the distinction of having introduced the sonnet to English literature. Howard's translation of the second and third books of the Aeneid by Virgil was written in blank verse of five iambic feet, the first use of this form in English. Forty of his poems were printed posthumously in 1557 in Songs and Sonettes, Written by the Ryght Honorable Lorde Henry Howard, Late Earle of Surrey, and Others, and in the same year his translations from Virgil appeared as Certain Bokes of Virgiles Aeneis Turned into English Meter.
# O.O. Howard,
-Oliver Otis (1830-1909), U.S. Civil War general,, born in Leeds,Maine.; ,a desendent of the Dukes of Norfolk..Born in Maine in 1830, Howard received his education at Bowdoin College, then attended West Point, where he became a mathematics professor in the mid-1850's. He was on the verge of switching careers to become a minister when the Civil War erupted.
During the war, he commanded troops at First Bull Run, Fair Oaks (where severe wounds forced the amputation of his right arm), Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg.
Even in battle Howard was as much a moral crusader as a warrior, insisting that his troops attend prayer and temperance meetings. After the war, he was appointed head of the Freedman's Bureau, which was designed to protect and assist the newly-freed slaves. In this position, Howard quickly earned the contempt of white Southerners and many Northerners for his unapologetic support of black suffrage and his efforts to distribute land to African-Americans.
He was also fearlessly candid about expressing his belief that the majority of white Southerners would be happy to see slavery restored. He even championed freedom and equality for former slaves in his private life, by working to make his elite Washington, D.C., church racially integrated and by helping to found an all-black college in the District of Columbia, which was soon named Howard University in his honor.
In 1872, Howard brought a similar courage and sense of commitment to the American West when he was dispatched by the Grant administration to meet with the Chiricahua Apache leader Cochise and bring an end to his decade-long guerilla war against American settlers. Traveling alone Howard entered the Apache chief's stronghold and secured a peace agreement by promising him a reservation of his own choosing.
Other generals and public officials condemned what they saw as the overly generous terms of this agreement, but Howard's promise was upheld by an executive order which set aside nearly the whole southeastern corner of the Arizona Territory as a Chiricahua reservation on which Cochise and his people could live with little meddling from the army.
Five years later, in 1877, Howard faced a different situation in Oregon, where he was sent to persuade a Nez Perce band led by Chief Joseph to leave their homeland in the
Wallowa Valley for the reservation assigned to them in Lapwai, Idaho.Howard found himself agreeing with Joseph that his people had never signed a treaty giving up their homeland, but in Howard's view this did not change the fact that eastern Oregon was no longer a place where Indians could roam free.
After his offer to purchase the valley was rejected, Howard made it clear that he would use force to move the Nez Perce as he had been commanded.
He was at the O.O. Howard House in Fort Vancouver When sent with
John H Durgin of U.S. Calvary to Wallowa Lake to round up Chief Joseph.And despite his sympathies for Joseph's band, he did not hesitate to send his troops against them when Nez Perce warriors killed several white settlers in the area.
Nonetheless, Howard never lost sight of the underlying moral issue in this confrontation, and after Joseph's surrender, he was outspoken among those officers who argued without success that his band should be allowed to return to their home.
Howard's military career after the Nez Perce War included serving as superintendent of West Point for several years and as the commanding officer of the Department of the Platte and the Division of the East.
In his later years and after his retirement from the army in 1894, he wrote several books on military and Indian affairs, including Nez Percé Joseph (1881), Autobiography (1907), My Life and Experiences Among Hostile Indians (1907) and Famous Indian Chiefs I Have Known (1908). Howard died in 1909.